The Belgian embassey inn Warszawa
Tuesday, December 18, 2007
Friday, December 14, 2007
Thursday, December 13, 2007
Warsaw facts
Every member of the Queen's Royal Hussars of the United Kingdom light cavalry wears the Maid of Warsaw, the crest of the City of Warsaw, on the left sleeve of his No. 2 (Service) Dress.
Members of 651 Squadron Army Air Corps of the United Kingdom also wear the Maid of Warsaw, the crest of the City of Warsaw, on the left sleeve of their No. 2 (Service) Dress.
Every member of the Regiment wears the Maid of Warsaw, the crest of the City of Warsaw, on the left sleeve of his No. 2 (Service) Dress. This honour was awarded to the 7th Hussars by the Commander of the Second Polish Corps in recognition of their valour in support of the Polish Forces during the Italian Campaign in World War II. Traditionally the original crest presented to the Regiment is placed in front of the Commanding Officer on Dinner Nights.
One of David Bowie's songs featured on the album Low is called Warszawa.
One of Joy Division's songs on the album Substance is called Warsaw. The band itself was previously called "Warsaw" as well.
There is a Danish heavy metal band called Red Warszawa.
In August 2007, a band from Norway, Superfamily, recorded a song 'Warszawa', with video shot in the city's notable places
There are ten towns in the USA called Warsaw.
Leo Gerstenzang invented cotton swabs in Warsaw.
The Miss World 2006 competition took place in Warsaw, in the Palace of Culture and Science, Congress Hall.
The mermaid, or syrenka, is the symbol of Warsaw.This symbol can be found on the coat of arms of Warsaw and on statues throughout the city.
The Warsaw dialect (called Gwara warszawska in standard Polish) is a regional dialect of the Polish language spoken in Warsaw. The dialect evolved as late as 18th century, mainly from the Masovian dialect of the Polish language, under notable influence of several languages spoken in the city of Warsaw. After the destruction of Warsaw in the aftermath of the Warsaw Uprising of 1944 the Warsaw dialect has been in decline. It is estimated that in modern times it is almost extinct as the native language and is preserved mostly in literary works.
Warsaw is divided into 18 districts. The central district is called Śródmieście and is surrounded by 6 other districts often collectively referred to as the Centrum (Centre). These are: Mokotów, Ochota, Praga Północ, Praga Południe, Wola and Żoliborz.
The remaining 11 peripheral districts are: Bemowo, Białołęka, Bielany, Rembertów, Targówek, Ursus, Ursynów, Wawer, Wesoła, Wilanów and Włochy.
Members of 651 Squadron Army Air Corps of the United Kingdom also wear the Maid of Warsaw, the crest of the City of Warsaw, on the left sleeve of their No. 2 (Service) Dress.
Every member of the Regiment wears the Maid of Warsaw, the crest of the City of Warsaw, on the left sleeve of his No. 2 (Service) Dress. This honour was awarded to the 7th Hussars by the Commander of the Second Polish Corps in recognition of their valour in support of the Polish Forces during the Italian Campaign in World War II. Traditionally the original crest presented to the Regiment is placed in front of the Commanding Officer on Dinner Nights.
One of David Bowie's songs featured on the album Low is called Warszawa.
One of Joy Division's songs on the album Substance is called Warsaw. The band itself was previously called "Warsaw" as well.
There is a Danish heavy metal band called Red Warszawa.
In August 2007, a band from Norway, Superfamily, recorded a song 'Warszawa', with video shot in the city's notable places
There are ten towns in the USA called Warsaw.
Leo Gerstenzang invented cotton swabs in Warsaw.
The Miss World 2006 competition took place in Warsaw, in the Palace of Culture and Science, Congress Hall.
The mermaid, or syrenka, is the symbol of Warsaw.This symbol can be found on the coat of arms of Warsaw and on statues throughout the city.
The Warsaw dialect (called Gwara warszawska in standard Polish) is a regional dialect of the Polish language spoken in Warsaw. The dialect evolved as late as 18th century, mainly from the Masovian dialect of the Polish language, under notable influence of several languages spoken in the city of Warsaw. After the destruction of Warsaw in the aftermath of the Warsaw Uprising of 1944 the Warsaw dialect has been in decline. It is estimated that in modern times it is almost extinct as the native language and is preserved mostly in literary works.
Warsaw is divided into 18 districts. The central district is called Śródmieście and is surrounded by 6 other districts often collectively referred to as the Centrum (Centre). These are: Mokotów, Ochota, Praga Północ, Praga Południe, Wola and Żoliborz.
The remaining 11 peripheral districts are: Bemowo, Białołęka, Bielany, Rembertów, Targówek, Ursus, Ursynów, Wawer, Wesoła, Wilanów and Włochy.
Trip to Poland - Day 2
Waking up early the next morning to go and discover Warszawa. Of course, I have to settle the dispute about payment for my room first but after 20 minutes on the phone to England this is solved too.
Warsaw (Polish: Warszawa) is the capital of Poland and its largest city. It is located on the Vistula River roughly 370 kilometers (230 mi) from both the Baltic Sea coast and the Carpathian Mountains. Its population as of 2006 was estimated at 1,700,536, with a metropolitan area of approximately 2,600,000. The city area is 516.9 square kilometers (199.6 sq mi), with an agglomeration of 6,100.43 square kilometers (2,355.4 sq mi) (Warsaw Metro Area — Obszar Metropolitalny Warszawy). Warsaw is the 8th biggest city in the European Union.
Warsaw gave its name to the Warsaw Pact, Warsaw Convention, Treaty of Warsaw and the Warsaw Uprising
Warsaw gave its name to the Warsaw Pact, Warsaw Convention, Treaty of Warsaw and the Warsaw Uprising
Wednesday, December 12, 2007
Trip to Poland - Day 1 part 3
Arriving in Poland: the weather wasn't too cold but it was snowing! No real snow, just soggy, white rain, but it looked a lot like snow so that was good enough for me. The taxi drivers were waiting in line for me and although I had been warned, I did not ask the driver for his taxi license. He drove me to the hotel for a whopping 125 Zloty (35 Euros). This might not sound like much to the Irish, but it should have cost me no more than 25 Zloty (7 euros). A busticket would have cost me 7 zloty but I was glad to be at the hotel. Arriving at the reception it turned out they lost my reservation and they asked me for 176 euros which I already paid. After a short struggle they gave me the keys to room 907 and we would sort out payment the next morning. At the local supermarket I bought a few Polish beers and I ate a Pizza at the only restuarant near the hotel. I was knackered, so time to go to bed.
Trip to Poland - Day 1 part 2
after 1,5 hours in a packed train I arrive at Köln Hbf. After a 'Frietje speciaal met Frikandel', a Dutch speciality which I can't get in Mainz, I took the S Bahn to Köln-Bonn Flughafen.
Cologne/Bonn Airport (German: Flughafen Köln/Bonn, also called Konrad-Adenauer-Flughafen or Flughafen Köln-Wahn) (IATA: CGN, ICAO: EDDK) is an international airport located in the Wahner Heide nature reserve, 15 km southeast of Cologne city centre and 16 km northeast of Bonn. It is the sixth largest airport in Germany and one of the country's few 24-hour airports. In terms of cargo flights it is second. In 2006 the number of passengers climbed to 9.9 million.
After a pleasant flight I arrived in Warszawa, finally.
Trip to Poland - Day 1
On November 27th I finally was going to see Poland. I could hardly wait to see it after all the stories I heard about it. Taking an early train from Mainz to Köln I was soon cruising at a comfortable speed along the Rhine valley.
Between Bingen and Bonn, the Middle Rhine flows through the Rhine Gorge, a formation created by erosion, which happened at about the same rate as an uplift in the region, leaving the river at about its original level, and the surrounding lands raised. This gorge is quite deep, and is the stretch of the river known for its many castles and vineyards. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site (2002) and known as "the romantic Rhine" with more than 40 castles and fortresses from the Middle Ages and many lovely wine villages.
The train also passes the fabled Loreley.
The Loreley (also written as Lorelei) is a rock on the eastern bank of the Rhine near St. Goarshausen, which soars some 120 meters above the water line. It marks the narrowest part of the river between Switzerland and the North Sea. A very strong current and rocks below the waterline have caused many boat accidents there.
Loreley is also the name of one of the beautiful Rhine Maidens who lured navigators of this river to their dooms with their alluring singing, much as the ancient Greek Sirens did.
In 1395 the Loreley showed up as vineyard of the Counts of Katzenelnbogen.
The name comes from the old German words "lureln" (Rhine dialect for "murmuring") and "ley" (rock). The translation of the name would therefore be: "murmur rock" or "murmuring rock". The heavy currents, and a small waterfall in the area (still visible in the early 19th century) created a murmuring sound, and this combined with the special echo the rock produces which acted as a sort of amplifier, then gave name to the rock itself. The murmuring is hard to hear today due to the urbanization of the area. Other theories include attributing the name to the many accidents, by combining the word "luren" (lurk) with the same "ley" ending, with the translation "lurking rock".
Loreley is also the name of one of the beautiful Rhine Maidens who lured navigators of this river to their dooms with their alluring singing, much as the ancient Greek Sirens did.
In 1395 the Loreley showed up as vineyard of the Counts of Katzenelnbogen.
The name comes from the old German words "lureln" (Rhine dialect for "murmuring") and "ley" (rock). The translation of the name would therefore be: "murmur rock" or "murmuring rock". The heavy currents, and a small waterfall in the area (still visible in the early 19th century) created a murmuring sound, and this combined with the special echo the rock produces which acted as a sort of amplifier, then gave name to the rock itself. The murmuring is hard to hear today due to the urbanization of the area. Other theories include attributing the name to the many accidents, by combining the word "luren" (lurk) with the same "ley" ending, with the translation "lurking rock".
Sunday, November 11, 2007
Tuesday, November 06, 2007
Jos Luhukay (born June 13, 1963 in Venlo, Netherlands) is a Limburgian football coach and former player.
Career as a player
Jos Luhukay always played in midfield. He began his career at the age of 15 at his hometown club VVV Venlo. In 1989, he went to play at SVV Schiedam, where he stayed until 1991. After then playing for RKC Waalwijk from 1991 until 1993, he left his homeland for Germany, where he had two stints at SV Straelen (1993 to 1995 and 1996 to 1998), in-between playing for KFC Uerdingen from 1995 to 1996. At KFC Uerdingen Luhukay played two games in the Bundesliga. In 1998 he quit his active career at SV Straelen.
Career as a coach
Just one month after the end of his career as a player, he became the headcoach at SV Straelen. Two years later he went to KFC Uerdingen again and in 2002 he was hired as an assistant coach at Bundesliga side 1.FC Köln. In 2005 he became headcoach at 2nd Bundesliga team SC Paderborn 07. He resigned there on August 11, 2006.
On Januar 2, 2007 he was hired by Bundesliga side Borussia Mönchengladbach as an assistant coach. Since headcoach Jupp Heynckes resigned Januar 31, 2007, Luhukay is the interim headcoach and later took over the job for the 2007-08 season.
Personal information
Date of birth
June 13, 1963 (1963-06-13) (age 44)
Place of birth
Venlo, Netherlands
Playing position
Midfielder
Club information
Current club
Borussia Mönchengladbach (Manager)
Career as a player
Jos Luhukay always played in midfield. He began his career at the age of 15 at his hometown club VVV Venlo. In 1989, he went to play at SVV Schiedam, where he stayed until 1991. After then playing for RKC Waalwijk from 1991 until 1993, he left his homeland for Germany, where he had two stints at SV Straelen (1993 to 1995 and 1996 to 1998), in-between playing for KFC Uerdingen from 1995 to 1996. At KFC Uerdingen Luhukay played two games in the Bundesliga. In 1998 he quit his active career at SV Straelen.
Career as a coach
Just one month after the end of his career as a player, he became the headcoach at SV Straelen. Two years later he went to KFC Uerdingen again and in 2002 he was hired as an assistant coach at Bundesliga side 1.FC Köln. In 2005 he became headcoach at 2nd Bundesliga team SC Paderborn 07. He resigned there on August 11, 2006.
On Januar 2, 2007 he was hired by Bundesliga side Borussia Mönchengladbach as an assistant coach. Since headcoach Jupp Heynckes resigned Januar 31, 2007, Luhukay is the interim headcoach and later took over the job for the 2007-08 season.
Personal information
Date of birth
June 13, 1963 (1963-06-13) (age 44)
Place of birth
Venlo, Netherlands
Playing position
Midfielder
Club information
Current club
Borussia Mönchengladbach (Manager)
Borussia Mönchengladbach
Borussia Vfl 1900 e.V, often referred to as Borussia Mönchengladbach, is a German football club based in Mönchengladbach, North Rhine-Westphalia. The team plays in the second division 2. Bundesliga and is one of the country's most well-known, best-supported, and successful teams. Borussia Mönchengladbach has more than 30,000 members and is the fourth largest club in Germany. "Borussia" is a Latinized form of Prussia, a popular term in naming German clubs.
1 History
1.1 Early history
1.2 Ascent to the Bundesliga
1.3 Borussia's Golden Decade
1.4 1980 and Beyond
2 Players
2.1 Current squad
2.2 Famous players
3 Honours
3.1 Players' Honours
4 Recent League Finishes
5 Trivia
6 External links
History
Early history
The club's forerunner was a loose association of young men known as FC Germania München-Gladbach from the city's Eicken district organized in late 1899. FC Borussia M.Gladbach was formally established on August 1, 1900 and took up play in the Rheinisch-Westfälischen Spielverband.
The new club made steady progress, moving upward through the different levels of league play and in 1912 appeared in the final of the Westdeutsche Verbandsliga, losing 2:4 to Kölner BC. In 1919, they joined Turnverein Germania 1889 to form Verein für Turn- und Rasensport 1889 München-Gladbach. The next year VfTuR made a second appearance in the final against Kölner BC, this time coming away with a 3:2 overtime victory. The next month they played their first game in a national championship playoffs, but did poorly, losing 0:7 to SpVgg Fürth in the opening round. In 1921, the footballers decided to leave Germania's gymnasts behind to form Borussia VfL München-Gladbach.
In 1933 the club formed a short-lived union with SC München-Gladbach to play as SC Borussia München-Gladbach until August 1934. SC Borussia qualified to play in the Gauliga Niederrhein , one of sixteen top-flight divisions established in 1933 in the re-organization of German footballunder the Third Reich. They played two more season at that level as VfL before being relegated to lower tier competition until moving up to the Oberliga West in 1952.
Ascent to the Bundesliga
In 1960 the club won its first major honours when they beat Karlsruher SC 3:2 in the final of the German Cup and the following year took on the now familiar name Borussia VfL Mönchengladbach. Further honours would be another decade in coming. Borussia's results in the ten years leading up to the formation of the Bundesliga in 1963 were not good enough to earn them admission into the ranks of the nation's new top flight professional league and so they played in the second tier Regionalliga West.
Mönchengladbach played their way into the Bundesliga in the 1965-66 season, alongside future powerhouse Bayern Munich. These two clubs would go on to a fierce struggle as they challenged each other for league supremacy throughout the 1970s. Bayern counted first, winning the Bundesliga championship in 1969. M'gladbach struck back immediately in the next season with a championship of their own and followed up with another one in 1971, becoming the first Bundesliga club ever to successfully defend their title.
Borussia's Golden Decade
Bayern then became the first club to win three consecutive titles with Borussia finishing only a point behind the champions in 1974. Die Fohlen were able to take some consolation in a 2:1 victory over 1. FC Köln in 1973 to win their second German Cup. Under coach Hennes Weisweiler the young side displayed an offensive minded philosophy and powerful play that attracted fans from all over Germany. The team stayed on the attack and matched Bayern's achievement with three consecutive titles of their own from 1975 to 1977. M'gladbach lost the 1977 final of the European Cup to Liverpool, but also made four appearances in the UEFA Cup with wins in 1975 and 1979 against losses in 1973 and 1980. The club's spectacular run had come to an end with eight titles to their credit. And although they would continue to be competitive for many years, success would be much harder to come by.
1980 and Beyond
Mönchengladbach's golden era ended in the 80's as the club had to sell many of its best players to keep its finances in order, and without talented coaches like Hennes Weisweiler and Udo Lattek it was not possible to stay on top. Even so, they managed to finish most seasons in the upper half of the league table and, in 1984, they were part of a four way race to the Bundesliga championship, finishing one point ahead of Bayern, and tied on points with Hamburg and champions Stuttgart, but behind on goal differential. That same season M'gladbach lost the German Cup final to Bayern on penalties.
The team's performance slipped significantly in the 90's and they found themselves struggling in the lower half of the Bundesliga table. They lost another German Cup on penalties – this time to Hanover – before winning their last honours to date with a 3-0 Cup win over Wolfsburg in 1995. Finally, in 1999, they were relegated to 2.Bundesliga where they would spend two seasons. The club's return performance in the Bundesliga was uninspired as they remained mired in the bottom half of the league.
In 2004, M'Gladbach hired Dick Advocaat, who had guided the Dutch national team to the semi-finals of the Euro 2004 tournament and was a successful manager at Rangers, as their new coach. He was unable to turn the team's fortunes and resigned in April the next year. Former Mönchengladbach player and German international Horst Köppel was appointed caretaker for the remaining five fixtures of the season. Köppel had managed the club's reserves since leaving Borussia Dortmund in June 2004. For the 2006/2007 season legendary Mönchengladbach player and coach Jupp Heynckes was appointed as team coach.
Borussia has taken steps to improve their financial situation with the construction of a new state-of-the-art stadium called Borussia-Park with a permitted capacity of 59,771 spectators (limited to 54,067 for Bundesliga games and to 46,249 for international games). The club had long been hindered by playing in a much smaller and older facility (Bökelberg, capacity 34,500) and with the opening of the new stadium in 2004 can look forward to increased revenues through higher ticket sales and the ability to host lucrative international matches.
On the 31st matchday of the 2006/2007 season Borussia Mönchengladbach were relegated from the Bundesliga after Arminia Bielefeld upset Werder Bremen 3-2 while Borussia lost 1-0 at home to VfB Stuttgart.
Players
Current squad
GK
Christofer Heimeroth
2
MF
Sebastian Schachten
3
DF
Filip Daems
4
DF
Roel Brouwers
5
DF
Steve Gohouri
6
MF
Eugen Polanski
7
MF
Soumaila Coulibaly
8
MF
Sebastian Svärd
9
FW
Nando Rafael
10
MF
Sascha Rösler
11
MF
Marko Marin
13
DF
Alexander Voigt
14
FW
Sharbel Touma
FW
Rob Friend
17
MF
Patrick Paauwe
18
DF
Marvin Compper
19
GK
Frederic Löhe
20
DF
Kasper Bøgelund
21
GK
Uwe Gospodarek
22
DF
Tobias Levels
23
FW
Marcel Ndjeng
25
FW
Moses Lamidi
26
DF
Robert Fleßers
27
FW
Oliver Neuville (captain)
29
MF
Alexander Baumjohann
30
FW
Roberto Colautti
Famous players
Heinz Ditgens became the club's first international in 1936. Since then Borussia Mönchengladbach has sent over 30 players to the national team, many of these from their outstanding sides of the 1970s. The 1974 World Cup winning side included five "Foals" players.
In descending order, these are the club's foremost heroes:
Günter Netzer, the glamour footballer of the early 1970s, Euro 72 winner, later Real Madrid.
Jupp Heynckes, the club's most prolific goalscorer with 195 goals, Bundesliga all time 3rd
Berti Vogts, 96 caps, sturdy defender World Cup winner 1974
Allan Simonsen, "Danish Dynamite", 1977 European Footballer of the Year
Rainer Bonhof, versatile midfielder, World Cup winner 1974
Herbert Wimmer, infatiguable midfield flanker, winner Euro 72 & World Cup 1974
Albert Brülls, 1959 Borussia's first post-war international, 25 caps and two WC tournaments
Uli Stielike, classy midfielder, later Real Madrid.
Henning Jensen, another Danish explosive, later Real Madrid
Lothar Matthäus, started his Bundesliga career with Borussia, World Cup winner 1990
Stefan Effenberg, later Bayern Munich's Champions league winning captain.
Oliver Bierhoff, striker
Toni Polster, Austrian striker
Uwe Rahn
Marcell Jansen
Honorable mentions are also deserved by:
Dietmar Danner, Ludwig Müller, Dane Ulrik LeFevre, Damian Mori, Peter Dietrich, Michael Frontzeck, the one eyed Wilfried Hannes, Wolfgang Kleff, Horst Köppel, Herbert Laumen, Frank Mill, Oliver Neuville, Klaus Sieloff, Hartwig Bleidick, Kasey Keller.
(see also: List of Borussia Mönchengladbach players)
Honours
Borussia Mönchengladbach's five Bundesliga championships entitle the club to display two gold stars of the "Verdiente Meistervereine".
German Champions: 1970, 1971, 1975, 1976, 1977
German Cup: 1960, 1973, 1995
UEFA Cup: 1975, 1979
Players' Honours
Players of the club achieved the following honours:
Player of the Year - Europe
1977 Allan Simonsen
Player of the Year - Germany
1987 Uwe Rahn
1979 Berti Vogts
1973 Günter Netzer
1972 Günter Netzer
1971 Berti Vogts
Bundesliga Top-Scorers
1995 - 20 Goals - Heiko Herrlich (jointly with Mario Basler (Werder Bremen))
1987 - 24 Goals - Uwe Rahn
1975 - 29 Goals - Jupp Heynckes
1974 - 30 Goals - Jupp Heynckes (jointly with Gerd Müller (FC Bayern München))
Recent League Finishes
1984/85: 4th
1985/86: 4th
1986/87: 3rd
1987/88: 7th
1988/89: 6th
1989/90: 15th
1990/91: 9th
1991/92: 13th
1992/93: 9th
1993/94: 10th
1994/95: 5th (Qualified for Cup Winners' Cup)
1995/96: 4th (Qualified for UEFA Cup)
1996/97: 11th
1997/98: 15th
1998/99: 18th (Relegated to 2. Bundesliga)
1999/00: 5th in 2. Bundesliga
2000/01: 2nd in 2. Bundesliga (Promoted to 1. Bundesliga)
2001/02: 12th
2002/03: 12th
2003/04: 11th
2004/05: 15th
2005/06: 10th
2006/07: 18th (Relegated to 2. Bundesliga)
Trivia
Trivia sections are discouraged under Wikipedia guidelines.The article could be improved by integrating relevant items and removing inappropriate ones.
Borussia Mönchengladbach's name is attached to a number of Bundesliga records:
Mönchengladbach has a fearsome record when it comes to laying a drubbing on other teams. On April 29, 1978 they beat Borussia Dortmund (12:0), the biggest winning margin ever in league history, as well as the most goals scored by a single side in a match. The Dortmund coach, Otto Rehhagel, was not only immediately fired after the game, he got also the nickname "Torhagel" ("Goal hail"). They also hold second place in the category for beating Schalke 04 (11:0) on January 7, 1967, and third place for a pair of (10:0) victories over Eintracht Braunschweig on November 11, 1984 and Borussia Neunkirchen on November 4, 1967.
The most penalties in a match is 5 in a game played between M'gladbach and Dortmund on November 9, 1965.
In 1961, Borussia became the first German side in the Cup Winners' Cup. However, they got a proper hiding by Rangers FC of Glasgow in the quarterfinals with 0-3 and 0-8. The quarterfinals were the first round then.
On 20th October 1971 Borussia Mönchengladbach won 7:1 vs Inter Milan. Fortunately for Inter, an empty Coca-Cola tin can was thrown at Inter striker Roberto Boninsegna, who collapsed to the ground, supposedly hit by that tin (“Büchsenwurf vom Bökelberg”). Inter launched a protest against the result and the UEFA granted a re-match to be staged in Germany with Berlin's Olympiastadion chosen, which ended in a goalless draw.
Lothar Matthäus (surname derived from Greek “Matthew”) got the nickname “Judas” from the Borussia fans not only because of the biblical origin of his last name, but foremost because they consider him a traitor. He did not only leave for the arch rival Bayern München, but in his last game for Gladbach, which was the German Cup Final, he missed a penalty in the decisive shoot-out - against Bayern!
In 1997, Borussia Mönchengladbach played the first and only Reebok Cup ever held, being runner-ups and losing the final to champions Atletico Junior from Barranquilla (Colombia).
The official mascot of the club is the foal "Jünter".
German airline LTU has an A320 jet airplane dedicated to the team #.
External links
Official team site in German and English
The Abseits Guide to German Soccer
Borussia-Park the team's new stadium
Tactics and LineUps
Monchengladbach statistics
Borussia World
FohlenKommando
1 History
1.1 Early history
1.2 Ascent to the Bundesliga
1.3 Borussia's Golden Decade
1.4 1980 and Beyond
2 Players
2.1 Current squad
2.2 Famous players
3 Honours
3.1 Players' Honours
4 Recent League Finishes
5 Trivia
6 External links
History
Early history
The club's forerunner was a loose association of young men known as FC Germania München-Gladbach from the city's Eicken district organized in late 1899. FC Borussia M.Gladbach was formally established on August 1, 1900 and took up play in the Rheinisch-Westfälischen Spielverband.
The new club made steady progress, moving upward through the different levels of league play and in 1912 appeared in the final of the Westdeutsche Verbandsliga, losing 2:4 to Kölner BC. In 1919, they joined Turnverein Germania 1889 to form Verein für Turn- und Rasensport 1889 München-Gladbach. The next year VfTuR made a second appearance in the final against Kölner BC, this time coming away with a 3:2 overtime victory. The next month they played their first game in a national championship playoffs, but did poorly, losing 0:7 to SpVgg Fürth in the opening round. In 1921, the footballers decided to leave Germania's gymnasts behind to form Borussia VfL München-Gladbach.
In 1933 the club formed a short-lived union with SC München-Gladbach to play as SC Borussia München-Gladbach until August 1934. SC Borussia qualified to play in the Gauliga Niederrhein , one of sixteen top-flight divisions established in 1933 in the re-organization of German footballunder the Third Reich. They played two more season at that level as VfL before being relegated to lower tier competition until moving up to the Oberliga West in 1952.
Ascent to the Bundesliga
In 1960 the club won its first major honours when they beat Karlsruher SC 3:2 in the final of the German Cup and the following year took on the now familiar name Borussia VfL Mönchengladbach. Further honours would be another decade in coming. Borussia's results in the ten years leading up to the formation of the Bundesliga in 1963 were not good enough to earn them admission into the ranks of the nation's new top flight professional league and so they played in the second tier Regionalliga West.
Mönchengladbach played their way into the Bundesliga in the 1965-66 season, alongside future powerhouse Bayern Munich. These two clubs would go on to a fierce struggle as they challenged each other for league supremacy throughout the 1970s. Bayern counted first, winning the Bundesliga championship in 1969. M'gladbach struck back immediately in the next season with a championship of their own and followed up with another one in 1971, becoming the first Bundesliga club ever to successfully defend their title.
Borussia's Golden Decade
Bayern then became the first club to win three consecutive titles with Borussia finishing only a point behind the champions in 1974. Die Fohlen were able to take some consolation in a 2:1 victory over 1. FC Köln in 1973 to win their second German Cup. Under coach Hennes Weisweiler the young side displayed an offensive minded philosophy and powerful play that attracted fans from all over Germany. The team stayed on the attack and matched Bayern's achievement with three consecutive titles of their own from 1975 to 1977. M'gladbach lost the 1977 final of the European Cup to Liverpool, but also made four appearances in the UEFA Cup with wins in 1975 and 1979 against losses in 1973 and 1980. The club's spectacular run had come to an end with eight titles to their credit. And although they would continue to be competitive for many years, success would be much harder to come by.
1980 and Beyond
Mönchengladbach's golden era ended in the 80's as the club had to sell many of its best players to keep its finances in order, and without talented coaches like Hennes Weisweiler and Udo Lattek it was not possible to stay on top. Even so, they managed to finish most seasons in the upper half of the league table and, in 1984, they were part of a four way race to the Bundesliga championship, finishing one point ahead of Bayern, and tied on points with Hamburg and champions Stuttgart, but behind on goal differential. That same season M'gladbach lost the German Cup final to Bayern on penalties.
The team's performance slipped significantly in the 90's and they found themselves struggling in the lower half of the Bundesliga table. They lost another German Cup on penalties – this time to Hanover – before winning their last honours to date with a 3-0 Cup win over Wolfsburg in 1995. Finally, in 1999, they were relegated to 2.Bundesliga where they would spend two seasons. The club's return performance in the Bundesliga was uninspired as they remained mired in the bottom half of the league.
In 2004, M'Gladbach hired Dick Advocaat, who had guided the Dutch national team to the semi-finals of the Euro 2004 tournament and was a successful manager at Rangers, as their new coach. He was unable to turn the team's fortunes and resigned in April the next year. Former Mönchengladbach player and German international Horst Köppel was appointed caretaker for the remaining five fixtures of the season. Köppel had managed the club's reserves since leaving Borussia Dortmund in June 2004. For the 2006/2007 season legendary Mönchengladbach player and coach Jupp Heynckes was appointed as team coach.
Borussia has taken steps to improve their financial situation with the construction of a new state-of-the-art stadium called Borussia-Park with a permitted capacity of 59,771 spectators (limited to 54,067 for Bundesliga games and to 46,249 for international games). The club had long been hindered by playing in a much smaller and older facility (Bökelberg, capacity 34,500) and with the opening of the new stadium in 2004 can look forward to increased revenues through higher ticket sales and the ability to host lucrative international matches.
On the 31st matchday of the 2006/2007 season Borussia Mönchengladbach were relegated from the Bundesliga after Arminia Bielefeld upset Werder Bremen 3-2 while Borussia lost 1-0 at home to VfB Stuttgart.
Players
Current squad
GK
Christofer Heimeroth
2
MF
Sebastian Schachten
3
DF
Filip Daems
4
DF
Roel Brouwers
5
DF
Steve Gohouri
6
MF
Eugen Polanski
7
MF
Soumaila Coulibaly
8
MF
Sebastian Svärd
9
FW
Nando Rafael
10
MF
Sascha Rösler
11
MF
Marko Marin
13
DF
Alexander Voigt
14
FW
Sharbel Touma
FW
Rob Friend
17
MF
Patrick Paauwe
18
DF
Marvin Compper
19
GK
Frederic Löhe
20
DF
Kasper Bøgelund
21
GK
Uwe Gospodarek
22
DF
Tobias Levels
23
FW
Marcel Ndjeng
25
FW
Moses Lamidi
26
DF
Robert Fleßers
27
FW
Oliver Neuville (captain)
29
MF
Alexander Baumjohann
30
FW
Roberto Colautti
Famous players
Heinz Ditgens became the club's first international in 1936. Since then Borussia Mönchengladbach has sent over 30 players to the national team, many of these from their outstanding sides of the 1970s. The 1974 World Cup winning side included five "Foals" players.
In descending order, these are the club's foremost heroes:
Günter Netzer, the glamour footballer of the early 1970s, Euro 72 winner, later Real Madrid.
Jupp Heynckes, the club's most prolific goalscorer with 195 goals, Bundesliga all time 3rd
Berti Vogts, 96 caps, sturdy defender World Cup winner 1974
Allan Simonsen, "Danish Dynamite", 1977 European Footballer of the Year
Rainer Bonhof, versatile midfielder, World Cup winner 1974
Herbert Wimmer, infatiguable midfield flanker, winner Euro 72 & World Cup 1974
Albert Brülls, 1959 Borussia's first post-war international, 25 caps and two WC tournaments
Uli Stielike, classy midfielder, later Real Madrid.
Henning Jensen, another Danish explosive, later Real Madrid
Lothar Matthäus, started his Bundesliga career with Borussia, World Cup winner 1990
Stefan Effenberg, later Bayern Munich's Champions league winning captain.
Oliver Bierhoff, striker
Toni Polster, Austrian striker
Uwe Rahn
Marcell Jansen
Honorable mentions are also deserved by:
Dietmar Danner, Ludwig Müller, Dane Ulrik LeFevre, Damian Mori, Peter Dietrich, Michael Frontzeck, the one eyed Wilfried Hannes, Wolfgang Kleff, Horst Köppel, Herbert Laumen, Frank Mill, Oliver Neuville, Klaus Sieloff, Hartwig Bleidick, Kasey Keller.
(see also: List of Borussia Mönchengladbach players)
Honours
Borussia Mönchengladbach's five Bundesliga championships entitle the club to display two gold stars of the "Verdiente Meistervereine".
German Champions: 1970, 1971, 1975, 1976, 1977
German Cup: 1960, 1973, 1995
UEFA Cup: 1975, 1979
Players' Honours
Players of the club achieved the following honours:
Player of the Year - Europe
1977 Allan Simonsen
Player of the Year - Germany
1987 Uwe Rahn
1979 Berti Vogts
1973 Günter Netzer
1972 Günter Netzer
1971 Berti Vogts
Bundesliga Top-Scorers
1995 - 20 Goals - Heiko Herrlich (jointly with Mario Basler (Werder Bremen))
1987 - 24 Goals - Uwe Rahn
1975 - 29 Goals - Jupp Heynckes
1974 - 30 Goals - Jupp Heynckes (jointly with Gerd Müller (FC Bayern München))
Recent League Finishes
1984/85: 4th
1985/86: 4th
1986/87: 3rd
1987/88: 7th
1988/89: 6th
1989/90: 15th
1990/91: 9th
1991/92: 13th
1992/93: 9th
1993/94: 10th
1994/95: 5th (Qualified for Cup Winners' Cup)
1995/96: 4th (Qualified for UEFA Cup)
1996/97: 11th
1997/98: 15th
1998/99: 18th (Relegated to 2. Bundesliga)
1999/00: 5th in 2. Bundesliga
2000/01: 2nd in 2. Bundesliga (Promoted to 1. Bundesliga)
2001/02: 12th
2002/03: 12th
2003/04: 11th
2004/05: 15th
2005/06: 10th
2006/07: 18th (Relegated to 2. Bundesliga)
Trivia
Trivia sections are discouraged under Wikipedia guidelines.The article could be improved by integrating relevant items and removing inappropriate ones.
Borussia Mönchengladbach's name is attached to a number of Bundesliga records:
Mönchengladbach has a fearsome record when it comes to laying a drubbing on other teams. On April 29, 1978 they beat Borussia Dortmund (12:0), the biggest winning margin ever in league history, as well as the most goals scored by a single side in a match. The Dortmund coach, Otto Rehhagel, was not only immediately fired after the game, he got also the nickname "Torhagel" ("Goal hail"). They also hold second place in the category for beating Schalke 04 (11:0) on January 7, 1967, and third place for a pair of (10:0) victories over Eintracht Braunschweig on November 11, 1984 and Borussia Neunkirchen on November 4, 1967.
The most penalties in a match is 5 in a game played between M'gladbach and Dortmund on November 9, 1965.
In 1961, Borussia became the first German side in the Cup Winners' Cup. However, they got a proper hiding by Rangers FC of Glasgow in the quarterfinals with 0-3 and 0-8. The quarterfinals were the first round then.
On 20th October 1971 Borussia Mönchengladbach won 7:1 vs Inter Milan. Fortunately for Inter, an empty Coca-Cola tin can was thrown at Inter striker Roberto Boninsegna, who collapsed to the ground, supposedly hit by that tin (“Büchsenwurf vom Bökelberg”). Inter launched a protest against the result and the UEFA granted a re-match to be staged in Germany with Berlin's Olympiastadion chosen, which ended in a goalless draw.
Lothar Matthäus (surname derived from Greek “Matthew”) got the nickname “Judas” from the Borussia fans not only because of the biblical origin of his last name, but foremost because they consider him a traitor. He did not only leave for the arch rival Bayern München, but in his last game for Gladbach, which was the German Cup Final, he missed a penalty in the decisive shoot-out - against Bayern!
In 1997, Borussia Mönchengladbach played the first and only Reebok Cup ever held, being runner-ups and losing the final to champions Atletico Junior from Barranquilla (Colombia).
The official mascot of the club is the foal "Jünter".
German airline LTU has an A320 jet airplane dedicated to the team #.
External links
Official team site in German and English
The Abseits Guide to German Soccer
Borussia-Park the team's new stadium
Tactics and LineUps
Monchengladbach statistics
Borussia World
FohlenKommando
1. FSV Mainz 05
History
Early years
A failed attempt to start a football team in the city in 1903 was followed up two years later by the successful creation of 1. Mainzer Fussballclub Hassia 1905. After a number of years of play in the Süddeutschen Fußballverband (South German Football League), the club merged with FC Hermannia 07 – the former football side of Mainzer TV 1817 – to form 1. Mainzer Fussballverein Hassia 05, which dropped "Hassia" from its name in August 1912. Another merger after World War I, in 1919, with Sportverein 1908 Mainz, resulted in the formation of 1. Mainzer Fußball- und Sportverein 05. Die Nullfünfer were a solid club that earned several regional league championships in the period between the wars and qualified for the opening round of the national championships in 1921.
Play under the Third Reich
In the late 20s and early 30s the club earned decent results in the Bezirksliga Main/Hessen - Gruppe Hessen, including first place finishes in 1932 and 1933. This merited the team a place in the Gauliga Südwest, one of sixteen new first division leagues formed in the re-organization of German football under the Third Reich . Unfortunately, they only managed a single season at that level before being relegated. In 1938, they were forced into a merger with Reichsbahn SV Mainz and played as Reichsbahn SV Mainz 05 until the end of World War II.
Long march to the Bundesliga
After the war the team again joined the upper ranks of league play in Germany's Oberliga Südwest, but were never better than a mid-table side. They played in the top flight until the founding of the new professional league, the Bundesliga, in 1963 and would go on to play as a second division side for most of the next four decades. They withdrew for a time – from the late 70's into the late 80's – to the Amateur Oberliga Sudwest (III), as the result of a series of financial problems. Mainz earned honours as the German amateur champions in 1982.
The club returned to professional play with promotion to the 2.Bundesliga for a single season in 1988 before finally returning for an extended run in 1990. Initially, they were perennial relegation candidates, struggling hard each season to avoid being sent down. However, under unorthodox trainer Wolfgang Frank, Mainz became one of the first clubs in German soccer to adopt a flat four zone defense, as opposed to the then-popular man-to-man defense using a libero.
Mainz failed in three attempts to make it to the top flight in 1997, 2002, and 2003 with close fourth place finishes just out of the promotion zone. The last failed attempt stung as they were denied promotion in the 93rd minute of the last game. A year earlier, they became the best non-promoted team of all time in the Second Bundesliga with 64 points. But their persistence paid dividends with an ascent into the Bundesliga in 2004. The team is playing their third season in the top flight.
Mainz also earned a spot in the UEFA Cup in their debut Bundesliga season as Germany's nominee in the "Fair Play" draw which acknowledges positive play, respect for one's opponent, respect for the referee, the behaviour of the crowd and of team officials, as well as cautions and dismissals. Three "Fair Play" sides earned admission into the first round of UEFA Cup play. Due to the Bruchweg stadium's limited capacity, the home games in UEFA cup were played in Frankfurt's Commerzbank-Arena.
Current position
Mainz finished the 2005-06 season in mid-table, five points clear of relegation, on the strength of a five game unbeaten streak to end the season. The 2006/07 season brought their three-year run in the Bundesliga to an end, where they won only 8 of their 34 games and finished third-last. Mainz were thus relegated and will play in the Second Bundesliga for the 2007/08 season.
Stadium
Die Nullfünfer play in Stadion am Bruchweg, built in 1928 and modified several times over the years to hold a crowd of over 20,300 spectators. Averaging crowds of about 15,000 while in the 2.Bundesliga, the team's recent and hard won success has them regularly filling their venue.
Despite relegation, the club has announced that they will build a new stadium in 2009.[1]
Club culture
Mainz is known for being one of the three foremost carnival cities in Germany, the others being Düsseldorf and Cologne. After every Mainzer goal scored at a home game, the Narhallamarsch, a famous German carnival tune, is played.
Honors
German amateur champions: 1982
UEFA Fair Play selection: 2005
Famous players
Sirous Dinmohammadi
Manuel Friedrich
Emil Kostadinov
Mohamed Zidan
Andriy Voronin
Elkin Soto
Félix Borja
Current squad (2007/08)
1
GK
Dimo Wache
2
DF
Bo Svensson
3
MF
Damir Vrančić
4
DF
Nikolce Noveski
5
DF
Christian Demirtas
6
DF
Tim Hoogland
7
MF
Markus Feulner
8
FW
Srdjan Baljak
9
FW
Félix Borja
11
FW
Petr Ruman
12
DF
Wellington Silva
13
MF
Milorad Peković
14
FW
Tobias Damm
17
DF
Marco Rose
18
MF
Fabian Liesenfeld
19
MF
Elkin Soto
20
FW
Ranisav Jovanović
21
MF
Miroslav Karhan
22
FW
Chadli Amri
24
DF
Stefan Markolf
25
MF
Mario Vrančić
27
MF
Daniel Gunkel
28
DF
Neven Subotic
29
GK
Christian Wetklo
30
GK
Daniel Ischdonat
External links
Official team site
Online Archive of Mainz 05
Abseits Guide to German Soccer
Mainz 05 statistics
Mainz Online Fanzine (in German)
Early years
A failed attempt to start a football team in the city in 1903 was followed up two years later by the successful creation of 1. Mainzer Fussballclub Hassia 1905. After a number of years of play in the Süddeutschen Fußballverband (South German Football League), the club merged with FC Hermannia 07 – the former football side of Mainzer TV 1817 – to form 1. Mainzer Fussballverein Hassia 05, which dropped "Hassia" from its name in August 1912. Another merger after World War I, in 1919, with Sportverein 1908 Mainz, resulted in the formation of 1. Mainzer Fußball- und Sportverein 05. Die Nullfünfer were a solid club that earned several regional league championships in the period between the wars and qualified for the opening round of the national championships in 1921.
Play under the Third Reich
In the late 20s and early 30s the club earned decent results in the Bezirksliga Main/Hessen - Gruppe Hessen, including first place finishes in 1932 and 1933. This merited the team a place in the Gauliga Südwest, one of sixteen new first division leagues formed in the re-organization of German football under the Third Reich . Unfortunately, they only managed a single season at that level before being relegated. In 1938, they were forced into a merger with Reichsbahn SV Mainz and played as Reichsbahn SV Mainz 05 until the end of World War II.
Long march to the Bundesliga
After the war the team again joined the upper ranks of league play in Germany's Oberliga Südwest, but were never better than a mid-table side. They played in the top flight until the founding of the new professional league, the Bundesliga, in 1963 and would go on to play as a second division side for most of the next four decades. They withdrew for a time – from the late 70's into the late 80's – to the Amateur Oberliga Sudwest (III), as the result of a series of financial problems. Mainz earned honours as the German amateur champions in 1982.
The club returned to professional play with promotion to the 2.Bundesliga for a single season in 1988 before finally returning for an extended run in 1990. Initially, they were perennial relegation candidates, struggling hard each season to avoid being sent down. However, under unorthodox trainer Wolfgang Frank, Mainz became one of the first clubs in German soccer to adopt a flat four zone defense, as opposed to the then-popular man-to-man defense using a libero.
Mainz failed in three attempts to make it to the top flight in 1997, 2002, and 2003 with close fourth place finishes just out of the promotion zone. The last failed attempt stung as they were denied promotion in the 93rd minute of the last game. A year earlier, they became the best non-promoted team of all time in the Second Bundesliga with 64 points. But their persistence paid dividends with an ascent into the Bundesliga in 2004. The team is playing their third season in the top flight.
Mainz also earned a spot in the UEFA Cup in their debut Bundesliga season as Germany's nominee in the "Fair Play" draw which acknowledges positive play, respect for one's opponent, respect for the referee, the behaviour of the crowd and of team officials, as well as cautions and dismissals. Three "Fair Play" sides earned admission into the first round of UEFA Cup play. Due to the Bruchweg stadium's limited capacity, the home games in UEFA cup were played in Frankfurt's Commerzbank-Arena.
Current position
Mainz finished the 2005-06 season in mid-table, five points clear of relegation, on the strength of a five game unbeaten streak to end the season. The 2006/07 season brought their three-year run in the Bundesliga to an end, where they won only 8 of their 34 games and finished third-last. Mainz were thus relegated and will play in the Second Bundesliga for the 2007/08 season.
Stadium
Die Nullfünfer play in Stadion am Bruchweg, built in 1928 and modified several times over the years to hold a crowd of over 20,300 spectators. Averaging crowds of about 15,000 while in the 2.Bundesliga, the team's recent and hard won success has them regularly filling their venue.
Despite relegation, the club has announced that they will build a new stadium in 2009.[1]
Club culture
Mainz is known for being one of the three foremost carnival cities in Germany, the others being Düsseldorf and Cologne. After every Mainzer goal scored at a home game, the Narhallamarsch, a famous German carnival tune, is played.
Honors
German amateur champions: 1982
UEFA Fair Play selection: 2005
Famous players
Sirous Dinmohammadi
Manuel Friedrich
Emil Kostadinov
Mohamed Zidan
Andriy Voronin
Elkin Soto
Félix Borja
Current squad (2007/08)
1
GK
Dimo Wache
2
DF
Bo Svensson
3
MF
Damir Vrančić
4
DF
Nikolce Noveski
5
DF
Christian Demirtas
6
DF
Tim Hoogland
7
MF
Markus Feulner
8
FW
Srdjan Baljak
9
FW
Félix Borja
11
FW
Petr Ruman
12
DF
Wellington Silva
13
MF
Milorad Peković
14
FW
Tobias Damm
17
DF
Marco Rose
18
MF
Fabian Liesenfeld
19
MF
Elkin Soto
20
FW
Ranisav Jovanović
21
MF
Miroslav Karhan
22
FW
Chadli Amri
24
DF
Stefan Markolf
25
MF
Mario Vrančić
27
MF
Daniel Gunkel
28
DF
Neven Subotic
29
GK
Christian Wetklo
30
GK
Daniel Ischdonat
External links
Official team site
Online Archive of Mainz 05
Abseits Guide to German Soccer
Mainz 05 statistics
Mainz Online Fanzine (in German)
Mainz, town of the German wine
Mainz, town of the German wine
Mainz is one of the centers of the German wine economy as a center for wine trade and the seat of the wine minister. Due to the importance of the wine industry for the federal state, Rhineland-Palatinate is the only state to have a wine minister in his capital city. Many wine traders work in the town. The sparkling wine producer Kupferberg produces in Mainz-Hechtsheim and even Henkell - now located on the other side of the river Rhine - had been founded once in Mainz.
Mainz had been a wine growing region since Roman times and the image of the wine town Mainz is fostered by the tourist center. The Haus des Deutschen Weines (English: House of the German Wine), is located in beside the theater. It is the seat of the German Wine Academy, the German Wine Institute (DWI) and the German Wine Fund (DWF). The Mainzer Weinmarkt (wine market) is one of the great wine fairs in Germany.
Johann-Joseph Krug, founder of France's famous Krug champagne house in 1843, was born in Mainz in 1800.
Mainz is one of the centers of the German wine economy as a center for wine trade and the seat of the wine minister. Due to the importance of the wine industry for the federal state, Rhineland-Palatinate is the only state to have a wine minister in his capital city. Many wine traders work in the town. The sparkling wine producer Kupferberg produces in Mainz-Hechtsheim and even Henkell - now located on the other side of the river Rhine - had been founded once in Mainz.
Mainz had been a wine growing region since Roman times and the image of the wine town Mainz is fostered by the tourist center. The Haus des Deutschen Weines (English: House of the German Wine), is located in beside the theater. It is the seat of the German Wine Academy, the German Wine Institute (DWI) and the German Wine Fund (DWF). The Mainzer Weinmarkt (wine market) is one of the great wine fairs in Germany.
Johann-Joseph Krug, founder of France's famous Krug champagne house in 1843, was born in Mainz in 1800.
Main Sights in Mainz
Roman-Germanic central museum (Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum). It is home to Roman, Medieval, and earlier artifacts.
Antique Maritime Museum (Museum für Antike Schifffahrt). It houses the remains of five Roman boats from the late 4th century, discovered in the 1980s.
Roman remains, including Jupiter's column, Drusus' mausoleum, the ruins of the theatre and the aqueduct.
Mainz Cathedral of St. Martin (Mainzer Dom), over 1,000 years old.
The Iron Tower (Eisenturm, tower at the former iron market), a tower from the 13th century.
The Wood Tower (Holzturm, tower at the former wood market), a tower from the 14th century.
The Gutenberg Museum – exhibits an original Gutenberg Bible amongst many other printed books from the 15th century and later.
The Mainz Old Town – what's left of it, the quarter south of the cathedral survived World War II.
The Electoral Palace (Kurfürstliches Schloss), residence of the prince-elector .
Marktbrunnen, one of the largest Renaissance fountains in Germany.
Domus Universitatis (1615), for centuries the tallest edifice in Mainz.
Christ Church (Christuskirche), built 1898–1903, bombed in ’45 and rebuilt in 1948–1954.
The Church of St. Stephan, with post-war windows by Marc Chagall.
Citadel.
Schönborner Hof (1668).
Rococo churches of St. Augustin (the Augustinerkirche, Mainz) and St. Peter (the Petruskirche, Mainz).
Church of St. Ignatius (1763).
Erthaler Hof (1743).
Antique Maritime Museum (Museum für Antike Schifffahrt). It houses the remains of five Roman boats from the late 4th century, discovered in the 1980s.
Roman remains, including Jupiter's column, Drusus' mausoleum, the ruins of the theatre and the aqueduct.
Mainz Cathedral of St. Martin (Mainzer Dom), over 1,000 years old.
The Iron Tower (Eisenturm, tower at the former iron market), a tower from the 13th century.
The Wood Tower (Holzturm, tower at the former wood market), a tower from the 14th century.
The Gutenberg Museum – exhibits an original Gutenberg Bible amongst many other printed books from the 15th century and later.
The Mainz Old Town – what's left of it, the quarter south of the cathedral survived World War II.
The Electoral Palace (Kurfürstliches Schloss), residence of the prince-elector .
Marktbrunnen, one of the largest Renaissance fountains in Germany.
Domus Universitatis (1615), for centuries the tallest edifice in Mainz.
Christ Church (Christuskirche), built 1898–1903, bombed in ’45 and rebuilt in 1948–1954.
The Church of St. Stephan, with post-war windows by Marc Chagall.
Citadel.
Schönborner Hof (1668).
Rococo churches of St. Augustin (the Augustinerkirche, Mainz) and St. Peter (the Petruskirche, Mainz).
Church of St. Ignatius (1763).
Erthaler Hof (1743).
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